A | AI摘要 为庆祝梅兰芳京剧团成立80周年，台湾京剧名家魏海敏在京连演三天大戏。 UNITED NATIONS -- Growing gang violence in Haiti is devastating the lives of its people, with major crimes rising to a new high, the U.N. special envoy for the conflict-wracked Caribbean nations said Monday.Maria Isabel Salvador told the U.N. Security Council that every day sees gangs engaging in killings, sexual violence including collective rapes and mutilation, and kidnapping. She pointed to last week's incident in which gang members dressed as police officers kidnapped the secretary general of the High Transitional Council, which is responsible for ensuring that long-delayed elections are held.Salvador said the security crisis is even more complex because vigilante groups that have taken to fighting the gangs are still active. Between April 24 and Sept. 30, she said, the U.N. political mission “registered the lynching of at least 395 alleged gang members across all 10 departments of Haiti by the so called `Bwa Kale’ vigilante movement.”Catherine Russell, head of the U.N. children’s agency UNICEF, echoed Salvador, telling the council: “The crisis in Haiti grows worse by the day.”An estimated 2 million people, including 1.6 million women and children, live in areas under gang control, she said, and children are getting killed and injured in crossfire, some on the way to school. “Others are being forcibly recruited or they are joining armed groups out of sheer desperation,” Russell said.She said half of Haiti’s population, including 3 million children, need aid — and half of those in need aren’t getting it because of insecurity and a lack of funding. So far, this year, she said, the U.N. has received barely 25% of the $720 million it needs for humanitarian needs in the country.Since 2022, Russell said, UNICEF has seen “an unprecedented 30% increase in the number of Haitian children suffering from severe wasting” — to more than 115,000. Severe wasting is the most lethal type of malnutrition, in which food is so lacking that a child’s immune system is compromised, according to UNICEF.“The malnutrition crisis coincides with an ongoing cholera outbreak — in which nearly half of the more than suspected cases are children under 14,” Russell added. Salvador stressed “the enormous significance” of the Security Council’s Oct. 2 approval of a resolution authorizing a multinational force led by Kenya to deploy in Haiti to help combat gangs. Kenya’s Cabinet gave its approval Oct. 13, but its Parliament still must sign off.U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres in a report to the council circulated Monday welcomed Kenya’s offer and thanked Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas and Jamaica for publicly committing to contributing personnel to the mission.The council’s approval came nearly a year after Haiti’s prime minister called for the immediate deployment of an armed force, in hopes it could quell gang violence and restore security so Haiti can hold elections. Haiti lost its last democratically elected institution in January, when the terms of 10 remaining senators expired, leaving not a single lawmaker in the House or Senate. Since the July 2021 assassination of President Jovenel Moïse, Prime Minister Ariel Henry has been governing with the backing of the international community.Salvador told the council she continues to engage with a wide range of Haitians, “encouraging their full commitment to national dialogue efforts to get onto a path to elections to fully re-establish democratic institutions and the rule of law.”But, she said, “significant differences persist, all of which are critical to placing Haiti on a clear path to elections,” adding that “the efforts towards elections are not moving at a desired pace.”。她以精湛技艺呈现多部经典，致敬恩师梅葆玖，并深情表示剧团是其“在大陆的家”。
B | 在北京京剧院梅兰芳京剧团成立80周年之际，梅葆玖开门弟子、台湾京剧名家魏海敏携手梅兰芳京剧团，于北京国家大剧院连演3天大戏——《王熙凤大闹宁国府》《穆桂英挂帅》《赵氏孤儿》。
C | 《穆桂英挂帅》演毕，魏海敏（中）与梅兰芳京剧团众演员谢幕。 “从1991年拜师开始，梅兰芳京剧团是我在大陆的家。”魏海敏说，35年过去了，京剧团当家人换了几任，同台的演员、乐队等老师也换了好几任，对她的支持与呵护却从未褪色。
D | 京剧《穆桂英挂帅》脱胎于同名豫剧，1959年由梅兰芳等艺术家改编打磨，同年在北京首演，是梅兰芳晚年代表作。
E | 梅兰芳通过《捧印》等经典段落，以凝重而富有层次的表演，将穆桂英从犹豫到家国情怀觉醒的内心冲突刻画得入木三分。该剧塑造了雍容大度、刚毅深沉的穆桂英形象，极大丰富了梅派美学内涵，至今仍是检验梅派传人艺术造诣的试金石。
F | 《王熙凤大闹宁国府》是京剧表演艺术家童芷苓的代表作。她以荀派的气度，通过大开大合的表现，将“明是一盆火，暗是一把刀”的王熙凤刻画得入木三分。《赵氏孤儿》是北京京剧院保留剧目，戏剧张力十足。北京京剧院前辈大师马连良、谭富英、裘盛戎、张君秋都在剧中有过经典的演绎。本次演出中，魏海敏饰演剧中庄姬公主，这是她首次在大陆出演这一角色。 1982年，京沪两地京剧院团联合赴港演出，梅葆玖和童芷苓带领北京京剧院和上海京剧院的名角们在戏院连演半个月。彼时已是“台湾最忙全才旦角”的魏海敏，一场不落地追了每一部戏，其中就有《穆桂英挂帅》和《王熙凤大闹宁国府》。首次亲睹梅葆玖演出，魏海敏深觉震撼，决心将京剧表演作为毕生志业。
G | 1991年，魏海敏随两岸交流大潮来到北京，向梅葆玖正式行梨园传统拜师礼。作为梅葆玖开门弟子，她亲炙恩师真传，潜心学习整理传统梅派戏。
H | 1996年，魏海敏凭借梅派经典剧目《宇宙锋》《贵妃醉酒》，摘获中国戏剧表演艺术最高奖“梅花奖”。
I | 2005年，魏海敏又以《四郎探母》《玉堂春》获上海“白玉兰戏剧奖”。在台湾，她探索京剧创新的诸多可能，被誉为“全能旦角”“千变青衣”。“梅派艺术的核心价值，是在既有的基础上精益求精，探索创作的多种可能性。”魏海敏说。 2003年，魏海敏在台湾复排《王熙凤大闹宁国府》，首演即引起轰动。作为京剧界公认的“演技派”，她以梅派的雍容为底色，融入荀派的灵动泼辣，凭着自身卓越的角色塑造力，将王熙凤的多面人性演绎得淋漓尽致。 8月8日是梅兰芳逝世65周年纪念日，今年也是梅葆玖逝世10周年。当晚戏码《穆桂英挂帅》是魏海敏演出最多的梅派剧目之一，也是她1993年首次在北京举办个人专场演出时的剧目之一。随着纪念梅葆玖的音乐《梨花颂》响起，魏海敏与众演员款款谢幕。
J | 魏海敏说，30多年来，梅兰芳京剧团在演出中给她的协助和指点，让她非常感恩。
K | “梅葆玖老师离开10年了，除了感念，还是希望自己能把戏演得更好。”（记者 张盼 文/图）。
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